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From: IED0DXM%OAC.UCLA.EDU@MITVMA.MIT.EDU
Date: Sun, 18 Sep 88 23:40 PDT
Subject: More on "There Goes a Tenner" (a LOT more!)
> There's a universally held principle that if you have two theories, > and all the evidence is explained by the two theories, the simpler > of the two theories is to be prefered. This principle is known as > Occam's razor. With regard to "There Goes A Tenner", we have two > theories: mine and IED's. Mine is significantly simpler, and > explains everything. Furthermore, IED's is flawed. Let's go over > them again 1. Though such a theory may be "universally accepted" in some cases, it is particularly unsuited to the intepretation of the works of Kate Bush. There are innumerable instances in her work where the "simplest" explanation is not adequate. Doug himself has often taken advantage of that fact to generate a large number of improbably complex (and sometimes unfounded) theories about some of her songs. 2. Certainly, IED 's interpretation of the storyline in "TGaT" is flawed. He is the first to admit this. However, he must say that Doug's own interpretation does _not_ "explain everything", at least not to this fan's satisfaction. And it should be added that although IED's reading is flawed, Doug's summary of IED's theory is inaccurate. This is really not Doug's fault. It's been a while since IED first suggested his view of the story. Also, at that time IED had not yet come to any firm reading of the song's story, and he was imprecise in his initial summary of it. Since that time IED has read and listened to Kate's own words about the meaning of the song. As a result, his current understanding incorporates a part of Doug's interpretation, and rejects another part. > IED's theory is certainly more complicated. In addition to this, it > has several flaws. Even if it had no flaws, my theory would be > preferable, because of its simplicity, but combined with the flawed > nature of IED's theory, the issue should be clear. Doug's comment above is patently illogical. The deciding factor in determining the preferability of one theory over another is not their relative "simplicity", but the _seriousness_ and _number_ of flaws each contains. IED will demonstrate below the seriousness and number of flaws in both his own and Doug's interpretations of "TGaT". > My theory says that all of the song takes place in the present, > except at the end, beginning with "Ooh I remember". Everything > after this is a reverie of better times, when the burglars lived > rich off of their ill-gotten gains. Sometime in the past, Kate and > her bank-robber lover had pulled off a successful heist and they > celebrated their success by tossing their money in the air and > watching it float in the breeze. Kate daydreams about the way > things use to be, while in the present she is probably being > shackled and photographed by the police. As current Love-Hounds will know, IED recently suffered a loss of face in this forum over the issue of the meaning of the word (for it seems that it is a word) "Gaffa". You will all remember that it was through the publication of Kate's own remarks on that subject that IED was proved wrong. One result of that debacle seems to be manifesting itself now, in the form of a new campaign against another of IED's ideas about Kate's work. This time Doug is exceptionally self-confident -- even for Doug -- and in presenting his view of his and IED's respective interpretations of "TGaT" he surpasses himself in zeal and dogmatism. Alas! this turn of events seems to have led Doug into much the same trap that foiled his recent forensic opponent. It should therefore be understandable to all that IED takes a certain amount of righteous pleasure in performing the following task of exposition. In order to facilitate the expression of all these picky little points (and they've never been pickier, IED warns all), IED has asked (and received) permission from Love-Hound par excellence Jon Drukman, with whom IED has been carrying on (more or less by coincidence) a discussion about just these aspects of "TGaT". In the following posting to Jon, IED set forth in as much detail as he could the many puzzling twists in the song's lyrics and imagery, while simultaneously trying to address Doug Alan's objections to IED's theory, as well as IED's problems with Doug's theory. (Please excuse IED's use of the first person in the following re-print.) ---------------------------- Date: Wed, 14 Sep 88 00:06:01 EDT To: jsd@UMASS.BITNET (Jonathan S. Drukman) Subject: there goes a tenner one more time From: Andrew Marvick (IED) > Well, my flatmate says that :>oug is correct in that most of this > is anticipating the incipient capture. I don't know though... > What I find most puzzling is this verse: > My excitement / turns into fright (present tense - during the job) > All my words fade / what am I gonna say / mustn't give the game away > Now look at that verse. The first couplet appears to be during the > job, right? But the last triplet doesn't fit in with that. Why > are her words fading (and what does it mean anyway)? And if this > is still the job, who is she going to give the game away _to_? My > flatmate suggests that Kate's belief in psychic phenomena means > that she's getting a vibe from the future anticipating her capture. My idea about the "fading" words is that it's just another aspect of the lines "What am I gonna say?/Mustn't give the game away". As I see it, the heroine, imagining herself in custody, is about to confess, but at the crucial moment her "words fade", and she stops talking -- but she worries about what story she's going to give instead. Then she comes to a decision: "They'll get nothing from me/Not until they let me see/My solicitor." Now all this is certainly awkward, and it's also made muddier by a line from Kate's own poetic "description" of the song, which appeared in an old Newsletter. In it Kate writes: "Everybody synchronize watches. Remember there's only half an hour to do the job. We've been rehearsing for weeks, so nothing should go wrong. Let's run through it one more time: "I go in and distract the guard, Frank's out the back in the getaway car, The sign on the door turns from open to shut, We keep them all covered, you blow the safe up, We grab the cash, make a hasty retreat, And tear across London using the backstreets. Remember, be careful, give nothing away, The arm of the Law is as long as they say." You notice in that last couplet: "Give nothing away"? This seems to be the same idea (in Kate's mind) as that expressed in the line "They'll get nothing from me." Interestingly, it also seems to imply that the band of burglars are particularly on guard about _not_letting_any_word_of_their_activities_leak_out_ -- perhaps not even to others in their circle, rather than just the police? Remember also that at least in this (unused) part of the lyrics the heroine is telling her cohorts what they are _going_ to do, clearly before the actual heist has begun. The similarly constructed line from the song ("You blow the safe up") might be the last of these "instructions", though I'm not set on that idea, given the following line ("Then all I know is I wake up"), which is obviously a description of the aftermath of the (imagined?) gelignite explosion itself. But looking at the verses that Kate printed in her Newsletter description, it does seem that the "blow the safe up" line is the same sort of thing. Could it be that Kate was trying to create, within the compressed space of a song's lyrics, the effect of narrative surprise that is communicated by the sudden move from the tense list of "instructions" that the heroine is giving her gang, to the unexpected _result_ of those instructions: an excessively large explosion that stuns the heroine? Still, I think on balance that the events beginning either with "You blow the safe up" or with "And all I know is I wake up" are probably imagined. The heroine is worried about what _might_ happen. This is _not_ to say either that 1) there are not several time periods in the song, both real and imaginary (because there clearly are, as I'll try to show), or that 2) everything following "Ooh, I remember" takes place in the same time period, whether real or imagined. I can only conclude that there are _several_ different time periods in this song. One takes place prior to the heist itself, when the band of criminals are "waiting" around for the crime to begin (Frank, played by Del in the video, is actually seen waiting impatiently in the getaway car). Another obviously takes place during the crime itself. A third (and while there is nothing in the text that requires this scene to be read as only an anticipation of the event itself, I do agree that the latter half of the song is probably imagined) takes place, as you suggest, in the station-house. Finally, if all these earlier time periods are transpiring in chronological order (as they do), at least one and possibly _three_ more time periods -- whether real or imaginary being quite immaterial -- follow: first, the time spent by the heroine in prison; second, her reminiscences, while in prison, of an apparently once-habitual activity with her friend(s): being carried ("When you _would_ carry me") -- pretty clearly implying that this is a memory of childhood, _not_ adulthood, as Doug still maintains; and third, a point in time _following_ the heroine's release from prison, when she is reunited at last with her friends. If all this is correct, though, I then am faced with the conclusion (which Doug reaches and uses, illogically, as a way of ignoring my earlier train of thought) that the entire ending of the song is part of that memory. But this doesn't seem to be possible (as Doug should be able to see, but doesn't), for two reasons. First, in the video the heroine and her accomplices in crime are obviously racing happily through the streets with their loot. But we _know_ that these burglars were _not_ experienced! Kate herself has said that they'd never done any serious crimes before, _and_I_quote_ from the 1982 Baktabak CD interview about _The_Dreaming_: "It's about amateur robbers who've only done small things, and this is now quite a big robbery that they've been planning for months." They could hardly, therefore, have had that "rain" of money seen in the ending of the video during any period _prior_ to the failed heist. Doug is therefore definitely wrong when he insists upon the following: > a reverie of better times, when the burglars lived rich off of their > ill-gotten gains. Sometime in the past, Kate and her bank-robber > lover had pulled off a successful heist and they celebrated their > success by tossing their money in the air and watching it float in > the breeze. Kate daydreams about the way things use to be... Further, the pointed reference to the fact that the currency is obsolete -- not described as though it were a memory, but rather as though the currency were _actually_being_held_and_appreciated_ -- doesn't synch with the idea that the entire ending section of the song's lyrics describes a simple nostalgic "memory" of an "earlier successful burglary", as Doug claims. Now, I don't see how the question of whether this section is imagined or real in any way alters the effect of _real_experience_ which is produced by the manner in which it is _told_. In other words, whether all that takes place after the safe-blowing is real or imagined, that final scene of beholding a rain of money is _still_ only explainable when interpreted as a scene (real or imagined) _following_ the heroine's release from prison. Doug's idea that all that is a memory of an _earlier_ heist just doesn't "sit well" with the few facts we have. I'd be happy to accept Doug's idea if it really fit all the facts, because after all I've never been very comfortable with my own admittedly complicated reading of the time-shifts. But the truth is that Doug's idea that _everything_ from "Ooh, I remember" on is a recollection of an earlier bank heist just doesn't hold water. I'm therefore stuck in a new bind: if the heroine is in prison (or imagines it) when she says "Ooh, I remember," but is _no_longer_ remembering (since there is no earlier such crime to remember) when she says "Ooh, there goes a Tenner!" then the final scene which begins with _that_ line (in the song) _must_ be describing some _other_ time period. We _know_ from Kate's own statement that that other time period was not from the gang's earlier career, since these gangsters were essentially amateurs, not professionals, and since they had never done any "big jobs" before. (Doug may attempt to argue that we don't know whether they might not have had _one_ success which brought down a shower of currency, but that was obviously not what Kate had in mind when she pointed out that this job is their first "big" one. There really can't be any doubt that the rain of money in the end, therefore, comes from either an imagined or a real present or future period in the song's story.) Furthermore, time in this song has moved -- generally speaking -- in a forward direction. On the one occasion when it moved backwards instead of forwards, Kate indicated that shift explicitly by beginning the section with the statement "Ooh, I _remember_." But, since the lines from "Ooh, there goes a Tenner!" on _cannot_ still be from the character's memories, the only sensible conclusion to be reached is that the story has returned to its original, chronological formula, taking up at the next and final step in the story (real or imagined) of these criminals: namely their reunion following the heroine's completion of her prison-term. Now I don't like this sudden shift any more than Doug and Ranjit does. But Doug's not correct in saying that there's no structural marker in the song itself to make clear that such a distinction of time is to be drawn between the "Ooh, I remember" section and the "Ooh, there goes a Tenner!" section. The _tense_ shifts: from past imperfect to present! If that's not a structural marker I don't know what is. Doug does make a good point about the sepia section of the video, which begins with the "Ooh, I remember" section, and doesn't switch back to "present" colour with the "Ooh, there goes a Tenner!" section. I certainly don't want to deny this anomaly. It's there, and I would love to be able to explain it. That's why I introduced this topic months back in Love-Hounds. But think again about those final moments in the song, and remember that you just can't ignore the facts that the gang are seen in the video as happy adults, and that they _could_not_ have made all the money seen floating in the breeze from an _earlier_ heist, because Kate has _said_ that they had never had such a "big" success prior to the job which went wrong. Therefore, they must be celebrating their acquisition of the money _from_that_job_. (A third possibility, that the scene shows the results of a third, future heist, is belied by the obsolescence of the currency.) This introduces the last big mystery about the story. If they have got their hands on the loot, are we to understand that 1.) they _got_away_ after all -- in which case the heroine never actually _did_ get caught, but was only imagining that she might be? (This is the interpretation that Ranjit has given us.) Or 2.) that all the members who were caught have _served_ their time, been released, and come home to meet up with someone in the gang who had got away with the money during the confusion and had kept his partners' shares in safe keeping? Or 3.) that she is merely imagining the second development in order to provide a happy end to her _imaginary_ scenario? It pretty much has to be one of these three possibilities, because the idea that all of the last section is a mere recollection of an earlier job which went right is just not correct, as I've shown. Well, if the first possibility is correct, then the problems I mentioned earlier, about how to reconcile the lines about not talking to the police without a solicitor, etc., rear their ugly heads once again. Only if all of those lines about the scene in the station-house are mere fantasy in the heroine's eyes, can the theory that they got away after all hold up. And even _if_ they got away after all, then why the sepia tinting in that section? Doug has said himself that the sepia is an indication of "nostalgia" and of sadness at the knowledge of inevitable "karma", so he cannot accept the idea that the criminals have got away with the loot from this big heist after all. So Doug _must_ stick with his theory that the final scenes represent a memory of an _earlier_ heist which went stunningly, wonderfully _right_ -- something which Kate has said never happened. Ranjit, however, not having saddled himself with the silly idea that Kate's "belief in Karma" must require some kind of retribution for the criminals, may still ask why the final scenes cannot represent the _present_, rather than an event many years later. Ranjit makes the case (again) for the obvious and most attractive "simple" reading of the song's lyrics. I (and virtually all other listeners) had at one time the same view of the story that Ranjit described. The problem is that if all of what follows is merely imagined, then -- according to what Kate herself has said -- the huge gelignite explosion is _imagined_, as well. Kate has said (in words that seem to imply but do not confirm, unfortunately, that the whole second half is in fact imagined): "And when it <the burglary> actually starts happening they, um, start freaking out. They're really scared, so aware of the fact that something _could_ go wrong, that they're _paranoid_..." <my italics> and again: "...and the second time they're just waiting for the guy to blow the safe up, because when he blows it up there's so much that _could_ go wrong." <my italics> Now these comments of Kate's don't actually disprove Ranjit's simple reading, but they do make it seem _unlikely_ that that's what Kate had in mind. Also remember that in the video, the film slows to slow-mo as Kate mouths the words "All my words fade/What am I gonna say?/ Mustn't give the game away." If one makes a case for the latter part being the heroine's imagination, it's pretty clear that _this_ is where her imaginings would start, _not_ _after_ the explosion. This is, again, no real confirmation that _any_ part of the story is indeed imagined, but it does increase the possibility. But it _doesn't_ help much with a theory about the last scenes with money floating in the air being a return to the present, since it indicates that the huge explosion didn't take place at all, but was only dreaded by the heroine. As for the "nostalgia" implied by the sepia tinting, I don't want to deny that. It's true that the sepia is not fully synchronised with my theory, as I've already willingly admitted. But after all, what are these ex-cons in the final scene doing? They're celebrating their acquisition of some very old money. In fact, they are struck by the obsolescence of the currency enough to exclaim in _nostalgic_wonder_, "Hey, look! There's a Fiver!", etc. Given this remarkable _symbol_of_the_passage_of_time_ -- of the _theme_of_waiting_ which is a dominant motif of the song -- is it really so implausible to conclude (if only for the time being, and without the benefit of a definitive statement from Kate) that the sepia tinting forms an appropriate counterpoint to the main thrust of the final section: namely, that years have passed (whether in fact or only in her mind seems immaterial, and is not determinable from the text) and the heroine is happily, nostalgically enjoying her long-postponed wealth? I don't see why such a scene is implausible. I agree with Doug that all this is a house of cards, but facts are facts, and so far, my house accounts for a larger number of the details in the song, video and official explanations than Doug's does. ---------------------- Finally, IED will answer as quickly as possible Doug's criticisms of IED's theory: > (1) There is nothing to indicate the passage of time into the > future. Furthermore, it seems counterintuitive, > considering that it makes perfect sense that we are still > in the reverie. At this point IED has already made it amply clear that there _are_ indications that the final sections of the song reflect a shift in time: first, the heroine's memory of habitually having been carried is an image that is very hard to ascribe to an adult, but which well describes the play of children; and second, the video's imagery of the section immediately succeeding that line clearly shows the gang as _adults_, presenting a dichotomy that can _only_ be explained by a shift from past to present or future -- however abrupt. IED might further point out that there is an attendant shift in the _tenses_ used in the former as opposed to the latter verse: in the former, which IED argues is a recollection of the heroine's childhood, Kate uses the conditional form of the past imperfect: "when you _would_ carry me"; whereas in the next verse, which IED argues is a series of exclamations made by the heroine in the company of her fellow gangmembers in a period some time following her release from prison, Kate uses the present tense. If this is not an indication of a time shift between the two verses, IED would like to ask what Doug's requirements for such a shift are. Third, IED doesn't deny the very real possibility that the heroine is "still in a reverie" throughout the entire latter half of the song. IED's reading accomodates either interpretation in this regard, and can scarcely, therefore, be called "counter-intuitive". Fourth, IED would like to quote Kate once more, again in connection with "There Goes a Tenner", and again from the Baktabak interview. She has just been talking about how in the first part of the song the criminals are worried that something might go wrong. Kate then says: "It's something that's perhaps not worth the effort because you could end up in jail for thirty years." Now IED doesn't wish to put words into Kate's mouth, so he won't say Kate was definitely referring to the events as they occur (or are imagined) in the song. But Kate's comment sure makes it a damn sight _harder_ for Doug to argue that the heroine of the song _didn't_ have a thirty-year prison term in mind when she either lived or imagined the latter half of the song's story. > (2) IED maintains that my theory can't be true because this is > Kate's first bank robery. However, there is nothing in > the song to indicate that this is Kate's first bank > robbery. First, it's by now clear from IED's re-posting of Kate's own comments about this song that the gang in "TGaT" were more or less amateurs who had _not_ committed any serious crimes before. The whole point, as Kate clearly sees the song, is to show that this crime is the first "big" one the gang has committed. Beyond that, however, the gangmembers' silly behaviour in the early part of the song (acting like 30s gangster-picture actors) had always seemed to IED to be a way of indicating that these burglars were inexperienced and had a romantic, unrealistic view of the crime of burglary. And in fact, precisely this point is expressed by Kate in the recently released Baktabak CD interview. In it she says that she had always been in disagreement with the popular notion that committing a crime is romantic and glamourous, and that on the contrary, she thought it must be extremely frightening when one actually got down to committing it. This, she said, was a major element in the song "TGaT". > Furthermore, the line "Pockets floating in the > breeze" shows that Kate has been witness to money floating > in the wind in the past. This is true in either my or > IED's theory. Now if IED's theory is correct, why is > there money floating in the wind when Kate was a child? > Clearly, Kate has burgled in the past. Doug makes the obvious error of assuming the validity of his premises before they are proved. IED has shown that the description of "pockets floating in the breeze" is distinct in time from the image of money floating in the air (as described in the stanza immediately following, and as seen in the video with the _adult_ gangmembers seeing the currency in the wind). Furthermore, the image of "pockets" floating in the breeze makes no reference to money that IED has ever been able to see! Rather, it seems much like the kind of wondering observation that a child might make as he/she is being carried around by her friend(s) -- which is the scene in which the image of floating pockets appears. The fact that the line is heard simultaneous with the scene of the adults running down a street in the video is perfectly in keeping with the feeling of "nostalgia" which Doug himself agrees is implied by the sepia tinting. There is, therefore, absolutely no contradiction in IED's interpretation, but there _is_ a contradiction in Doug's. > (3) IED maintains that the ending is happy. This would be > very uncharacteristic of Kate. Kate is not one to tell a > story where someone does something bad and ends up winning > because of it. Kate seems to be a definite believer in > the notion of Karma. Furthermore, the very ending of the > song, "Remember them? That's when we used to vote for > him?", is nostalgic. Why would Kate suddenly get > nostalgic if at the moment, everything is better than > ever. She wouldn't get nostalgic. The only explanation > for this is that the ending is not all that happy. So Kate just _doesn't_deal_ with subjects where the fate of a character is not somehow part of some great moral, or at least Karmic, plan? Aside from the fact that Kate has shown us time and time again that what she has done in the past is _no_ indication that she will only do the same thing in the future, it's possible that Kate considers that a completed prison term is retribution enough for the crime, and that it's not too much to allow her amateur thieves to enjoy their money after paying such a high price. Besides, if the scene is imagined, the point is academic. So this objection really doesn't have much merit. Doug's assumptions about what "messages" or "morals" Kate will or will not allow herself to make in her songs are quite unsuited to Kate, given the one consistent characteristic of her art: its essential unpredictibility. IED has also pointed out that since (according to IED's interpretation) the heroine (in fact or in imagination) has already served her sentence, it is not unreasonable for her to be seen in a sympathetic light enjoying the loot after the fact. That doesn't seem such a terrible "sin", or "breach of Karmic law", or whatever. Next, IED can see no inconsistency between the remark about "voting for him" and the upbeat mood of the conclusion as IED interprets it. The final remark is an apparent outgrowth of the heroine's excited observation that the currency is now out-of-date. How does this in any way upset IED's interpretation? It doesn't. Doug's last challenge, that IED explain the sepia in terms of his reading of the song, has already been faced. IED admits that the use of sepia for both the "Ooh, I remember" section and the "Ooh, there goes a Tenner!" section is a small (though not entirely inexplicable) inconsistency. It is the _only_ one. As for the general phenomenon of the sepia in the last section, this fact is perfectly consistent with IED's reading of the song, as he has already shown above. > It should be pretty clear by now that IED's theory is untennable. Perhaps it should be, but in fact all that is clear is that IED is even more fussy about details than ever, and that it's Doug's fatally "simple" explanation that needs some work. IED did appreciate Doug's no doubt intentionally punny misspelling of the word "untenable", though. > Add to all this the fact that the video to "The Dreaming" is creditted > to "Golden Dawn Productions" (or something like that), and I start to > wonder if my first conclusion about the "golden light" line was > unfounded. > -- Zaphod Golden Dawn Productions, Zaphod, is the name of the production company that undertook the production of the video for "The Dreaming". The video's director, whom Kate identifies as "a guy called Harry" in the Baktabak CD interview, worked for Golden Dawn. So if the name has any significance, it could only be because Kate chose them simply for their name, which doesn't sound very likely. The other points you make, however, sound very interesting, and worth following up. > Well, I'm sure if you asked Kate about all this symbolism mumbo > jumbo, she'd say it was all balderdash. I'm sure it's all there, > but it may be just because Kate tends to use words that are rich > with symbolism, or it may be unconscious, or it may be as John > Carder Bush says, that Kate speaks with the voice of the Oneness > because she is just a little bit closer to God than the rest of us, > or it may be that Kate puts all these things into her songs, and > refuses to tell anyone about it, because that would be giving it > away. IED agrees 100% with Doug here -- the symbolism is unquestionably present in some songs, and Kate would almost certainly deny it if the interviewer couldn't devise some way to present the evidence so cunningly that she couldn't evade the subject (an impossible task). IED thinks it _must_ be that she "refuses to tell anyone about it, because that would be giving it away." But one thing's for certain, and that is that at least some of her songs have a very deliberate, very specific symbolic significance that is so personal that no one outside the Bush family and immediate circle of friends could detect its presence. > I, for example, thought I found all sorts of symbolism in "Under > The Ivy". There's ivy. There's a garden. There's a white rose. > I ask Kate about all this wonderful, deep, rich, lush, layered > symbolism, and what does Kate say? She says basically, "No, it's > just a song about two people sneaking into the back yard to fuck". > Well, IED, I think that you have to face the fact that if you asked > her any questions about your notions of symbolism, she'd probably > say the same thing. Oh, IED thinks you're probably right. He'd never get the truth out of her. As a matter of fact, it's this very song that IED knows contains at least one tiny bit of _confirmed_ secret symbolism, so Doug is without a doubt on the money here. The only thing that isn't certain is whether the manner in which such questions are asked, and the atmosphere in which they are asked, might not affect the frankness and seriousness of her replies, at least in some degree. > In any case, now I look for the fucking first, and save the deep > symbolism for later. Certainly the wisest course. > (1) If this turns out to be true, you can't really gloat, because I > haven't said it isn't true. No argument. Anyway, IED isn't gloating about anything these days, he feels so down about that "Gaffa" quote from Kate. By the way, IED agrees with Doug that the protozoa angle is not promising. > (2) I think you'll have to provide some more concrete evidence than > "a friend of mine told me a rumor that 'Gaffa' might be a Japanese > word. ...do the legwork yourself. If you find such a Japanese > word, I'll be more than happy to agree with you, and will be happy > to have learned something new. I'm not holding my breath, however. Oh, neither is IED. He could see the flimsiness of the evidence as well as Doug -- but it's still a remarkable angle insofar as the video's imagery goes. IED will indeed try to do some legwork to track down this lead at some point, but in the meantime is not holding his breath, either -- having had most of it knocked out of him from the last round of that stupid "Gaffa" debate, and smelling impending disaster over the present "TGaT" issue... > Well, I certainly wouldn't claim that everyone at MIT is stamped in > the exact same intellectual mold. However, it *is* indeed the case > that they just don't let people into MIT who aren't a bit smarter > than the average bear. And they don't give them degrees either. IED, who as Love-Hounds already know is an alumnus of another "great" Eastern institution, disputes all parts of your claim, Doug. The fact is, MIT lets people in for all kinds of reasons. And the ability to do well in school and on exams is not necessarily a sign of anything other than "average bear" intelligence mixed with varying degrees of opportunity, diligence, and luck. There are certainly _plenty_ of "average bears" at MIT. IED knew several during his tenure in Cambridge. > Kate says she's a bit busy this week, what with the deadline for > her new album pressing down and all, and asks if she can get back > to you next week? Ooh! You mean the album's coming out NEXT WEEK??? -- Andrew Marvick